Molecules, 2012 Jul 11;17(7):8359-77
Nine botanical families were found in the mixture of the samples. The water
activity and pH ranged 0.21–0.37 and 4.3–5.2, respectively. The BP analyses
averaged 67.7% carbohydrates, 21.8% crude protein, 5.2% crude fat and 2.9% ash.
The energy ranged from 396.4 to 411.1 kcal/100 g. The principal fatty acid
found was linolenic, followed by linoleic acid, palmitic acid and oleic acid.
The phenolic and flavonoid contents varied from 12.9 to 19.8 mg of gallic acid
equivalents/g of extract and from 4.5 to 7.1 mg of catechin equivalents/g of
extract, respectively. The scavenger activity and -carotene bleaching assays
values (EC50) were 3.0 ± 0.7 mg/mL and 4.6 mg/mL ± 0.9 mg/mL, respectively. E.
coli, sulphite-reducing Clostridia, Salmonella and S. aureus were not found.
Since there are studies indicating appreciable differences
among BPs from different regions, the full characterization of BP from diverse
origins still appears to be a sound research priority in order to obtain
reliable data about this beehive product.
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