Manuka Honey Boosts Appearance of Skin, Better Sleep, Wound Healing - Soothes Sore Throats and Coughs, Supports a Healthy Gut

5 health benefits and uses of Manuka honey.

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Due to its antimicrobial activity, nutritional profile, and anti-inflammatory and humectant properties, Manuka honey has a variety of health and beauty benefits when eaten or used directly on the skin. Here are some of the most promising, research-backed reasons to consider adding Manuka honey to your daily diet and natural skin care regimen.

1. Boosts the appearance of skin

Manuka honey has been shown to have cosmetic benefits such as increasing the production of collagen (which in turn, increases skin elasticity), reducing dark spots, and acting as an anti-inflammatory, which may help calm inflammatory skin conditions like rosacea and acne. Due to its humectant properties (i.e., its ability to attract water to the surface of the skin as well as deliver hydration to the deeper layers), applying Manuka honey topically can also help skin retain moisture, making it a perfect addition to your beauty routine in cold, dry winter months.

Try it: For a simple face mask, spread a tablespoon of Manuka honey over your clean face (avoiding the eyes). Leave it on for 20 minutes, then rinse with warm water. Pat your face dry and apply your favorite moisturizer or facial oil. For additional skin-brightening, acne-fighting benefits, mix the Manuka honey with a pinch of turmeric before applying.

2. Lulls you to sleep faster

If you're struggling to catch some Zzzs, consider adding Manuka honey to your evening cup of herbal tea. Manuka honey contains high levels of tryptophan (also found in turkey, it's the same amino acid credited with making you drowsy after Thanksgiving dinner). Tryptophan, in turn, triggers the production of serotonin, which is a neurotransmitter that helps you relax and acts as a precursor to the production of melatonin, that all-important hormone that regulates sleep.

Try it: Add a teaspoon of Manuka honey to your evening cup of chamomile tea or golden milk.

3. Heals wounds and skin infections

What's more, Manuka honey is a powerful antibiotic—and one that could help treat skin infections otherwise considered untreatable, like methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). There are currently no reports of microbial resistance to honey, and Manuka honey has specifically been shown to attack infections that have formed a biofilm—a stage that was once thought to render infections untreatable. In one study, the application of honey to diabetic foot ulcers was found to heal 43.3 percent of ulcers completely.

Try it: For small, manageable cuts and scrapes, add a dab of Manuka honey directly to the skin before attaching your bandage. For larger wounds, always consult a doctor.

4. Soothes sore throats and coughs

Manuka honey is commonly associated with healing a sore throat. Not only do its antibacterial, antiviral, and antifungal properties create the perfect trifecta for treatment, but Manuka's thick, viscous texture coats and soothes the throat, helping destroy the harmful bacteria in its path. Manuka honey can help prevent coughs from keeping you up at night, too. One study found sleep conditions improved for both children and adults suffering from upper respiratory issues when they took honey before bed.

Try it: Simply swallow a tablespoon of Manuka honey straight-up and allow it to coat your throat. Alternatively (or additionally), you can add Manuka honey to ginger tea for extra anti-inflammatory benefits.

5. Supports a healthy gut

Research suggests that Manuka honey has the ability to help with various digestive disorders. In animal studies, the high antioxidant content of Manuka has been effective in treating gastric ulcers and inflammatory bowel disease. Due to its antimicrobial properties, Manuka may also help fight pathogens in the gut. In two separate lab studies, both Clostridium difficile (C. diff) and Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) were susceptible to the antibacterial properties in Manuka honey.

Bee Venom Helps Treat Arthritis, Lupus, Sciatica

Medical value of Bee Venom in the “Treatment of Arthritis”

January 27, 2019 

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Medical value of Bee Venom: Species of honey bee are almost 20,000 in all over the world and closely relative to ants, wasps and hornets. All these species fall in one genus that is “Apis” and almost 44 species are known under it.

In Pakistan, there are four species of honey bee and these are Apis dorsta, Apis cerana, Apis melifera and Apis floera and following are the products of honey bee “honey bee, bee wax, pollen, royal jelly, and propolis and bee venom.

So, Bee Venom is one of the major product of honey bee which has been used in the field of medicine and my focus is on the use of “bee venom” of honey bee especially in the treatment of arthritis. Arthritis is a joint pain or joint disease.

First time, it was reported date back as far as 4500 BC, but it is most common disease of pre-historic people. Evidences suggest that it has been found throughout history e.g., from Egyptian mummies in 2590 BC, and then in other countries like Italy, Austria, China, Korea and Pakistan.

There are found more than 100 types of arthritis. Almost all ages and sexes of people are effected by arthritis and this disease is a cause major of disability in Pakistan. But most commonly, women are affected by arthritis frequently as they become older.

Symptoms of Arthritis:

The symptoms of a common arthritis are such as swelling, stiffness, pain and decrease in mobility range. In the beginning, it may be mild then moderate and later it becomes severe. Then in severe conditions chronic pain causing this disease is turned into inability of the patient to perform daily work.

A person which has been affected by this disease, for patients it is difficult to walk or climb stairs. It may cause permanent changes in joints. It may also affect the other body organs like lungs, heart, eyes, kidney and skin as well as the joints. There are different treatments available such as resting, weight control, applying ice or heat, exercise, joint replacement surgery and some medicines like Ibuprofen and paracetamol etc.

Benefits of Bee Venom:

The use of honey and its products in human treatment is not a new at all; it has been practiced in thousands of years ago. Due to its healing properties, the word “Honey” is use in many verses at many times in Quran. The term apitherapy is use in medical field which means the use of honey bee products for medicinal or medical purposes like propolis, royal jelly, pollen, bee venom, bee wax and raw honey.

However, the bee venom therapy is a live bee stings which is used in many treatments for various diseases like as arthritis (all types of arthritis like chronic arthritis, sub-chronic arthritis, poly arthritis etc)i.e; sciatica, lupus, rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis (MS), low back pain and tennis elbow...

Beeswax Coating Helps Maintain Fruit Quality

Effect of beeswax and chitosan treatments on quality and shelf life of selected mango (Mangifera indica L.) cultivars

Heliyon. 2019 Jan 9;5(1):e01116 

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Mango is one of the most economically important fruit facing greater problems in storage and transportation to long distance market because of its perishable nature. Evidence suggested that application of edible coatings is a key step to reduce loss of perishable commodities. In line with this, Beeswax and chitosan at different concentrations (0.5%, 1.5% and 2%), and two mango varieties (Apple and Tommy Atkins) were evaluated using completely randomized design (CRD) in three replications. Application of beeswax and chitosan at (2%) significantly reduced physiological weight loss (%), total soluble solid (°Brix), titratable acidity (%), pH, disease incidence (%), disease index (%), maintained Firmness (N) and prolonged shelf-life of fruits compared with untreated control. It was concluded that edible coatings used in the present study have a good potential in maintaining the fruit quality and beeswax at 2% being the most effective treatment on all parameters tested.

Mauritian Eucalyptus Honey Shows Antibacterial, Antioxidant and Anti-Cancer Activity

Pharmacological activities, chemical profile, and physico-chemical properties of raw and commercial honey

Biocatalysis and Agricultural Biotechnology
Available online 26 January 2019

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This study was designed to evaluate and correlate the pharmacological, phytochemical, and physicochemical properties of raw unifloral Mauritian eucalyptus honey (EH) and a commercially available honey (CH).

The pharmacological activity was evaluated in terms of antibacterial, antioxidant (nitric oxide scavenging), antielastase, antityrosinase, antimelanogenic, and anticancer activity (MCF-7 and HeLa cell toxicity). The presence of phytochemicals including alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, phenols, anthraquinones, and steroids were determined along with the total phenolic (TPC), total flavonoid (TFC), and tannin content (TC). Physicochemical properties including pH, colour, total soluble solids, and density were also investigated.

The results showed that EH displayed greater antibacterial, antioxidant, and anticancer activity against the MCF-7 cell line compared to CH, which showed higher extracellular antimelanogenic activity. MH (IC50 = 532.75 μg/ml) displayed significantly greater scavenging activity than CH (IC50 = 647.6 μg/ml).

To conclude, honey may be potentially exploited as complementary and alternative therapies for the management of infectious and chronic diseases.

Red, Poplar Propolis May Help Heal Wounds

Natural rubber latex membranes incorporated with three different types of propolis: Physical-chemistry and antimicrobial behaviours

Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl. 2019 Apr;97:576-582

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Natural Rubber Latex (NRL) is a biocompatible material with demonstrated capacity to induce vascularisation and tissue regeneration. Propolis is a complex resinous product prepared by Apis mellifera with the aim of protecting beehives against infectious microorganisms. It is flora-dependent and its antimicrobial activity can vary according to its geographical origin.

This study compares the incorporation of three different types of propolis into an NRL membrane aiming at optimal controlled release of propolis potential antimicrobial compounds towards Candida albicans whilst keeping NRL mechanical characteristics desirable for wound healing bandage purposes.

The propolis samples were classified as red, green and poplar propolis according to their chemical composition determined by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled in series with both UV spectrophotometry and high-resolution mass spectrometry. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations (MIC) towards C. albicans were determined before their incorporation into NRL membranes. The release of NRL-propolis components in Simulated Body Fluid (SBF) was monitored by UV-Vis spectroscopy. The antimicrobial activity and the effects of the materials released on mouse fibroblasts were assessed. FTIR analyses were carried out in order to verify the formation of new chemical bonds that might prevent the release of propolis components from the NRL membrane.

The mechanical characteristics of the NRL membranes remained adequate after the incorporation of the three types of propolis investigated whilst allowing the release of the red, and poplar propolis most active compounds against C. albicans. At 30 and 50% the released materials (eluates) from the NRL membranes incorporated with red and poplar propolis types were not toxic to fibroblast cells.

These results suggest that red and poplar propolis can be incorporated into NRL membranes for the preparation of wound healing dressing.

Antimicrobial Activity of Latin American Stingless Bees

Phylogenetic analyses of antibiotic-producing Streptomyces sp. isolates obtained from the stingless-bee Tetragonisca angustula (Apidae: Meliponini)

Microbiology. 2019 Jan 24

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Many insects have been associated with actinobacteria in protective symbiosis where antimicrobial metabolites inhibit host pathogens. However, the microbiota of neotropical insects such as the stingless-bee Tetragonica angustula is poorly explored.

T. angustula is a meliponid bee widely distributed in Latin America, its honey is traditionally exploited because of its ethno-pharmacological properties and its antimicrobial activity has been demonstrated. Also, the well-structured nest of this species allows exploration of the microbiota of its different components.

Even though Streptomyces spp. have been cultured from stingless-bees, little is known about their role in this insect-microbe relationship.

In this study, we examined the association between culturable actinobacteria and T. angustula, and evaluated the isolates' potential as antimicrobial producers. We isolated 51 actinobacteria from adult bees and different substrates of the hive of T. angustula (pollen and honey storage, garbage pellets and cerumen).

We then performed a 16S rRNA phylogenetic analysis that clusters the bacteria to previously described lineages of host-associated Streptomyces. In addition, all the isolates were classified according to their antibacterial activity against human pathogens, measured by a growth inhibition test based on diffusion in agar. More than 50 % of our isolates exhibit antimicrobial activity, mainly to Gram-positive bacteria and fungi and only two against Gram-negative bacteria.

Additionally, we obtained electron micrographs of adult bees with what appears to be patches of hyphae with Streptomyces-like cell morphology on their body surface.

Our results suggest that T. angustula possibly uptakes and transfers actinobacteria from the environment, acting as vectors for these potentially beneficial organisms.

This research provides new insights regarding the microbiota associated with T. angustula and justify future studies exploring the full diversity of the microbial community associated with the hive and the possible exchange of microbes with the crops they pollinate.

Chinese Propolis Extract May Help Treat Diabetic Retinopathy

Ethanol Extract of Chinese Propolis Attenuates Early Diabetic Retinopathy by Protecting the Blood-Retinal Barrier in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats

J Food Sci. 2019 Jan 23. doi: 10.1111/1750-3841.14435

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Propolis has been shown to reduce the level of blood glucose and suppress the histopathological changes in diabetics. However, it still remains unknown if propolis has a similar effect on diabetic retinopathy (DR).

Our study aimed to evaluate the effect of the ethanol extract of Chinese propolis (EECP) on early DR in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. EECP was given to diabetic rats by oral intubation for 12 weeks. The concentrations of fasting blood glucose (FBG), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), malondialdehyde (MDA), reactive oxygen species (ROS), and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) were measured. Pathological examinations, including hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and immunofluorescence, were also conducted to provide further evidence of EECP's effect on early DR. EECP was able to attenuate diabetes via directly decreasing the levels of FBG and HbA1c, which also resulted in the reduction of MDA, ROS, and RNS. Furthermore, EECP could protect against the damages of photoreceptor cells, as well as retinal thickening. And the inhibition of blood-retinal barrier (BRB) leakage was also observed in EECP-treated diabetic rats, along with the inhibition the loss of tight junction proteins (occludin, ZO-1).

These results suggest that EECP has an ameliorating effect on early DR by inhibition of blood-retinal barrier breakdown. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: This study sheds light on the protective effect of the ethanol extract of Chinese propolis on early diabetic retinopathy and the molecular actions underlying the inhibition of blood-retinal barrier breakdown.

Our study suggests that ethanol extract of Chinese propolis can be considered as a potential therapeutic agent in the treatment of early diabetic retinopathy.

Honey Component May Help Prevent, Treat Heart Diseases

The cardiovascular protective effects of chrysin: A narrative review on experimental researches

Cardiovasc Hematol Agents Med Chem. 2019 Jan 14

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Chrysin is one of the flavonoids fruits, vegetables, and plant especially found in honey, it has been indicated that its cardiovascular protective effect is due to its antioxidative effects and anti-inflammatory activities.

Chrysin exerts an antioxidant effect by enhancing the antioxidant system, suppressing pro-oxidant enzymes, scavenging free radicals and chelating redox active transition-metal ions. Chrysin decreases lipid synthesis and also increases its metabolism, thereby ameliorating blood lipid profile. Chrysin modulates vascular function by increasing the bioavailability of endothelial nitric oxide.

Chrysin inhibits the development of atherosclerosis by decreasing vascular inflammation. The anti-inflammatory effects of chrysin may relate to its inhibitory effect on the nuclear transcriptional factor-kB signaling pathway. It also prevents vascular smooth muscle cells proliferation and thrombogenesis.

Altogether, chrysin may be effective as a natural agent for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases; however, several clinical trial studies should be done to confirm its protective effects on humans.

Propolis Component May Help Protect Kidneys of People with Diabetes

Dietary Chrysin Suppresses Formation of Actin Cytoskeleton and Focal Adhesion in AGE-Exposed Mesangial Cells and Diabetic Kidney: Role of Autophagy

Nutrients. 2019 Jan 9;11(1). pii: E127

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Advanced glycation end products (AGE) play a causative role in the development of aberrant phenotypes of intraglomerular mesangial cells, contributing to acute/chronic glomerulonephritis.

The aim of this study was to explore mechanistic effects of the flavonoid chrysin present in bee propolis and herbs on actin dynamics, focal adhesion, and the migration of AGE-exposed mesangial cells. The in vitro study cultured human mesangial cells exposed to 33 mM glucose and 100 μg/mL AGE-bovine serum albumin (AGE-BSA) for up to 5 days in the absence and presence of 1⁻20 μM chrysin.

The in vivo study employed db/db mice orally administrated for 10 weeks with 10 mg/kg chrysin. The presence of ≥10 μM chrysin attenuated mesangial F-actin induction and bundle formation enhanced by AGE. Chrysin reduced the mesangial induction of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) by glucose, and diminished the tissue α-SMA level in diabetic kidneys, indicating its blockade of mesangial proliferation.

The treatment of chrysin inhibited the activation of vinculin and paxillin and the induction of cortactin, ARP2/3, fascin-1, and Ena/VASP-like protein in AGE-exposed mesangial cells. Oral administration of chrysin diminished tissue levels of cortactin and fascin-1 elevated in diabetic mouse kidneys. Mesangial cell motility was enhanced by AGE, which was markedly attenuated by adding chrysin to cells.

On the other hand, chrysin dampened the induction of autophagy-related genes of beclin-1, LC3 I/II, Atg3, and Atg7 in mesangial cells exposed to AGE and in diabetic kidneys. Furthermore, chrysin reduced the mTOR activation in AGE-exposed mesangial cells and diabetic kidneys.

The induction of mesangial F-actin, cortactin, and fascin-1 by AGE was deterred by the inhibition of autophagy and mTOR.

Thus, chrysin may encumber diabetes-associated formation of actin bundling and focal adhesion and mesangial cell motility through disturbing autophagy and mTOR pathway.

Health Benefits of Honey, Bee Pollen

Healthy living with bees: Investigating the antioxidant properties of honey and pollen

Ezine

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Bees rather handily produce a wide range of health-promoting substances, including honey, beeswax, propolis and royal jelly. Even the pollen that bees collect along with the nectar has health benefits. Many of these benefits derive from the fact that these substances are rich in antioxidants such as flavonoids and other polyphenols, which soak up harmful reactive oxygen species (ROS).

Now, chemists from Portugal and Algeria, led by Ana Oliveira-Brett from the University of Coimbra, have come up with a quick and easy analytical process, comprising several comparatively simple analytical techniques, for investigating in detail the antioxidant properties of bee products...

Honey and pollen

They first tested this analytical process on 10 samples of honey from Greece, Portugal, Algeria and Romania, and two samples of pollen from Portugal and Romania. This involved first extracting the polyphenols from the honey and pollen samples by immersing them in a mixture of water, ethanol and methanol, and then exposing them to ultrasound.

DP voltammetry and the DPPH spectrophotometric assay revealed that the extracted polyphenols possessed high levels of antioxidant activity, with the results from both techniques tending to agree with each other.  HPLC-ED revealed that all the honey and pollen samples contained a similar range of polyphenols, including several anthocyanidins and flavanols, although they differed in their concentrations.

These results also indicated that the relationship between polyphenol concentration and antioxidant activity isn’t entirely straightforward. Among the honeys, a honey from Portugal had the highest polyphenol concentrations, even though a Greek honey had the highest antioxidant activity.

Finally, the chemists conducted the gel electrophoresis step with four of the honey samples and one of the pollen samples. This showed that, irrespective of their antioxidant activities or polyphenol concentrations, all the samples helped to protect the DNA from damage by soaking up the ROS.

These findings not only confirm the health benefits of honey and pollen, but also raise the possibility of using this analytical process to explore the health benefits of the various other bee products as well.

Royal Jelly May Help Treat Alzheimer's Disease

Royal jelly peptides: potential inhibitors of β-secretase in N2a/APP695swe cells

Sci Rep. 2019 Jan 17;9(1):168

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Royal jelly (RJ) is a type of natural health product with a long history of use. Royal jelly peptides (RJPs) obtained from RJ have numerous bioactivities.

To study the neuroprotective effect of RJPs, major royal jelly proteins were digested into crude RJPs and subsequently purified by RP-HPLC. Purified RJP fractions were evaluated in N2a/APP695swe cells. Our results indicated that purified royal jelly peptides (RJPs) (1-9 μg/mL) could inhibit external beta-amyloid 40 (Aβ1-40) and beta-amyloid 42 (Aβ1-42) production through the down-regulation of β-secretase (BACE1) in N2a/APP695 cells. The modulation of BACE1 may be related to histone acetylation modification.

Our results demonstrated a neuroprotective function of RJPs, which indicates that RJPs may serve as potential β-secretase inhibitors in ameliorating Aβ-related pathology in Alzheimer's Disease.

Propolis Spray Boosts Immunity, Treats Children's Sore Throats

This Natural Throat Spray Keeps Kids Healthy And Sniffle-Free

By Patch Deals, Patch National Staff | Jan 18, 2019

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We've reached that time of year again where it seems like no amount of hand-washing or cough-covering is going to keep the kids from getting sick. Germs are everywhere, but we've finally found a natural, effective product to boost our little ones' immune systems and help fight off sore throats and sniffles: It's a propolis spray from Beekeeper's Naturals, and we'll never face another winter without it.

Propolis is a mix of bee saliva and beeswax and other natural goodness, and it basically works as a glue to seal their hives and hold everything together. It's nature's ultimate protector, and it's been used for centuries by humans for immune support. This Beekeeper's Naturals throat spray contains bee propolis (95 percent extract) and just a little bit of buckwheat honey for a natural sweet flavor. Kids love the taste, and parents love that it's a great source of antioxidants...

Citrus Blossom Honey Boosts Activity of Gold Nanoparticles Against Super Bugs (MRSA, VRSA)

MIC and MBC of Honey and Gold Nanoparticles against methicillin-resistant (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant (VRSA) coagulase-positive S. aureus isolated from contagious bovine clinical mastitis

J Genet Eng Biotechnol. 2017 Jun;15(1):219-230

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Staphylococcus aureus is one of the major causative agents of the bovine clinical mastitis. This study aimed to isolate and identify S. aureus from cases of bovine clinical mastitis followed by phenotypic detection of MRSA and VRSA.

The genotypic detection of MRSA was done through PCR detection of the resistance mecA gene. Furthermore, this study aimed to investigate the in vitro MIC and MBC of the Dodonaea angustifolia plant extract, Honey, and AuNPs against the clinically isolated MRSA and VRSA. Of 93 mastitis milk samples examined, 54 (58.1%) S. aureus were isolated and identified {CP S. aureus = 46 (85.2%) and CN S. aureus = 8 (14.8%)}. The whole MRSA, VRSA, MSSA, and VSSA detected were 19 (35.2%), 7 (13%), 35 (65%), and 47 (87%) respectively. The mean counts of S. aureus were between 8.6 × 104 ± 3.5 × 105 CFU/ml.

The oxacillin and vancomycin MICs against MRSA and VRSA respectively, were >256 µg/ml. AuNPs sized 30 nm produce observable in vitro anti-MRSA and anti-VRSA activities. Imtenan® citrus blossom honey has also antibacterial activities against MRSA and VRSA with general MBC and MIC range values were observed at a concentration of 0.625, 1.25, 2.5, and 5 (%v/v).

In the present study, the most significant result obtained when AuNPs was mixed with Imtenan® citrus blossom honey (1:1 = v:v) with the best MBC was observed at the concentration of 0.56 × 109:0.3 (NP/ml: honey %v/v).

Royal Jelly May Help Treat Diabetes

Complementary Therapies in Medicine
Volume 43, April 2019, Pages 20-27

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Highlights

• Royal jelly may help improve glycemic status and oxidative stress in diabetes mellitus.
• Royal jelly effects on lipid profile are contradictory.
• Studies on the Royal jelly effects on inflammatory markers in diabetes mellitus were not enough.
• More studies are required to determine the exact mechanisms of Royal jelly in diabetes mellitus.

Diabetes mellitus is one of the most common endocrine disorders in the world. This systematic review was conducted with focus on the current knowledge on the effect of royal jelly on metabolic variables in diabetes mellitus. PubMed, Scopus, Embase, ProQuest and Google Scholar databases were searched from inception until June 2018. All clinical trials and animal studies that evaluated the effects of royal jelly on diabetes mellitus, and were published in English-language journals were eligible. Studies that provided insufficient outcomes were excluded. Out of 522 articles found in the search, only twelve articles were eligible for analysis. Seven studies showed a significant reduction in FBS, and one reported HbA1c decrease following royal jelly supplementation. Although royal jelly supplementation resulted in significant reductions in HOM A-I R in three studies, the findings on insulin levels were controversial. In addition, royal jelly substantially improved serum levels of triglycerides, cholesterol, HDL, LDL, VLDL and Apo-A1 in diabetes mellitus. In addition, royal jelly resulted in a decrease oxidative stress indicators and increase antioxidant enzymes levels. In conclusion, royal jelly could improve glycemic status, lipid profiles and oxidative stress in diabetes mellitus. However, exploring the underlying mechanisms warrants further studies.

Stingless Bee Honey May Help Treat Obesity

Supplementation of Stingless Bee Honey from Heterotrigona itama Improves Antiobesity Parameters in High-Fat Diet Induced Obese Rat Model

Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2018 Nov 21;2018:6371582

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Heterotrigona itama is a common stingless bee species found in Southeast Asia. Studies on the health benefits of its honey are limited in comparison with other stingless bee species.

This study examines the antiobesity benefits found in stingless bee honey (SBH) from H. itama. The parameters used to measure the benefits were weight change, morphological structures, and biochemical characteristics. The research was conducted by using rats that were given a high-fat diet (HFD). In total 48 male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were given a formulated HFD to increase the levels of obesity, the HFD was administered with a value of 0.68 g/cm2.

The duration of the treatment was six weeks, and the results show that the induction obesity using the HFD was successful. Following this, the rats were then treated with SBH (at dosages of 1000 mg/kg, 750 mg/kg or 500 mg/kg), with orlistat or with a placebo. Compared with typical obesity treatment methods, the one that used the three dosages of SBH showed a higher reduction in body mass index (BMI), percentage of body weight gain, adiposity index, and relative organ weight (ROW). The levels of liver enzymes (ALT, AST, and ALP) were also significantly lower in SBH-treated groups. The levels of triglycerides and LDL-cholesterol were significantly lower, while the level of HDL-cholesterol was significantly higher in comparison with the control obese group.

In terms of morphological structures, the number of adipocyte cells was reduced, and the hepatocytes found in the liver were less prone to rupturing when treated with SBH.

In conclusion, the administration of SBH led to an improvement in indicators associated with obesity reduction. SBH also possesses a hepatoprotective potential which can reduce the health risks related to obesity.

Propolis Cream Beats Antibiotics in Treating Acne

Natural extracts outweigh synthetic antibiotics for acne treatment

Dermatology Times

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Combined plant-based therapy is more effective for treating mild-to-moderate acne than a synthetic antibiotic. (©ArtfullyPhotographer, Shutterstock.com)

A cream containing natural extracts of propolis, tea tree oil, and Aloe vera has been found to be more effective in reducing mild to moderate acne than a cream containing the synthetic antibiotic erythromycin, research published in Clinical Pharmacology: Advances and Applications shows.

Antibiotics that suppress Propionibacterium acnes are the standard treatment for acne but are becoming less effective due to the emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains. Clinicians are also encouraged to prescribe fewer antibiotics overall due to the rising threat rise of antimicrobial resistance.

Many plants are known to have innate antimicrobial action, so researchers are increasingly looking to see whether plant-based treatments might be an effective alternative to antibiotics.

This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of a new cream based on three natural extracts (propolis, “tea tree oil” and “Aloe vera”) in treating mild to moderate acne, comparing it to a cream based on 3% erythromycin and to its vehicle alone (placebo).

The study was conducted at the Skinlab, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Italy where 60 patients with mild to moderate acne vulgaris were randomly divided into three groups of 20.

All patients were aged between 14 and 34 years; had no more than 20 comedones and 50 papules and pustules; no nodules, cysts, and no more than slight erythematous scarring presence; had not received topical or systemic acne treatments during the previous three months and had previously been responsive to topical erythromycin so were not resistant to it.

Patients were excluded from the study if they were pregnant, lactating, in menopause, had polycystic ovarian syndrome, were taking oral contraceptives, had allergic contact dermatitis or sensitive skin.

Patients in the first group were treated with the new cream containing the three natural extracts - 20% propolis, 3% “tea tree oil” and 10% “Aloe vera” (PTAC). Patients in the second group received the 3% erythromycin cream (ERC) and those in the third group received placebo. Participants were asked to use their allocated cream twice a day, in the morning and in the evening for a total of 30 days and to not use any other acne treatments.

Severity of acne was assessed at baseline, and then after 15 and 30 days, by counting acne lesions through noninvasive measurements and macro-photography.

There were no significant differences between the demographic characteristics of the patients in the three groups at the start of the study. By the end of the study acne severity had improved in patients in both groups receiving active treatments compared to placebo, but patients receiving the PTAC formulation experienced a greater reduction in erythema scars, acne severity index, and total lesion count.

Erythema in papular and scar lesions was more greatly reduced after 15 and 30 days of PTAC and ERC application than with placebo; the PTAC formulation was better than ERC in reducing erythema scars, but there was no difference between the two in reducing papular erythema.

After 30 days treatment, acne severity index (ASI) in the PTAC group had fallen 66.7% compared with 49.7% in the ERC group. Over the same time period, total lesion count (TLC) fell by 63.7% in the PTAC group and 46.5% in the ERC group...

Propolis Boosts Immunity, Antioxidant Activity

Effects of raw propolis or water and ethanol extracts of propolis on performance, immune system, and some blood parameters of broiler breeders

R. Bras. Zootec. vol.47  Viçosa  2018  Epub Nov 08, 2018

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The objective of this study was to determine the effects of raw bee propolis and water or ethanol extract of propolis on growth performance, some blood parameters, and immunoglobulins in 15-20-week-old Ross-308 broiler breeders.

The birds in the control were fed a diet without propolis, whereas the birds in the treatment groups were fed diets with raw propolis (RP), water (WEP), and ethanol (EEP) extract of propolis at the level of 1200, 400, and 400 ppm, respectively. Raw propolis and propolis extracts did not affect body weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion ratio, and some blood parameters, such as aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, total antioxidant status, triglyceride, and phosphorus. Birds fed EEP and those in control group had a lower IgA value compared with birds fed RP. Birds fed RP had higher IgM level than those of the other groups, and birds fed EEP had lower IgM level than those of control and RP-fed group.

The IgY value of breeders fed EEP was higher than those of the other treatment birds, whereas that of WEP-fed birds was higher than those of control and RP treatment. The antibody levels of Anti-Newcastle disease virus and anti-infectious bursal disease virus were higher in EEP and RP-fed groups than those in the control and WEP-fed groups. The WEP decreased total oxidant status value compared with the control and RP treatments, whereas EEP and WEP increased plasma total protein and calcium contents compared with the control. The EEP increased plasma albumin content compared with RP.

The addition of propolis extracts, especially WEP and EEP, to diet improves immunity and antioxidant activity, as well as enhances Ca absorption of broiler breeders.

Royal Jelly Effective for Nutrition, Menopause, Premenstrual Syndrome, Wound Healing, Diabetes

What are the benefits of royal jelly?

Medical News Today

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Royal jelly is a creamy white substance with a high nutrient content that young bees make to feed queen bee larvae. There are claims that it offers a range of health benefits, such as easing the symptoms of premenstrual syndrome and supporting wound healing.

Royal jelly is highly nutritious and may have antibacterial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties. These properties may be responsible for many of the health claims about royal jelly. People usually consume it orally or apply it directly to the skin.

Research suggests that certain nutrients in royal jelly are beneficial for health. However, there is little evidence that these benefits come specifically from royal jelly itself.

In this article, we examine the potential benefits of royal jelly and the science that supports these claims.

Nutrition

Royal jelly contains a high percentage of proteins and carbohydrates.
The nutritional content of royal jelly is a potential benefit in itself as the substance provides a range of essential nutrients that are necessary for good health. Royal jelly comprises:

water (50 to 60 percent)
proteins (18 percent)
carbohydrates (15 percent)
lipids (3 to 6 percent)
mineral salts (1.5 percent)

There are small amounts of vitamins and minerals in royal jelly, including several types of vitamin B. It also contains some polyphenols, which are a type of plant-based chemical that is rich in antioxidants.

Menopause symptoms

Royal jelly may provide relief from the symptoms of menopause.

A 2011 study looked at the effect of a combination of four natural ingredients, including royal jelly, on menstrual symptoms. The researchers gave 120 women either a capsule containing the four ingredients or a placebo twice a day over 4 weeks.

The women in both groups noted a reduction in symptoms, but those who took the capsule had significantly better results than those in the placebo group.

A more recent study found that taking 150 milligrams of royal jelly daily over 3 months could help improve cholesterol levels in healthy postmenopausal women.

Premenstrual syndrome

Royal jelly may also be beneficial for people with premenstrual syndrome.

In a 2014 study, the investigators gave 110 participants either a royal jelly capsule or a placebo once every day over two menstrual cycles. The participants who took the royal jelly capsules had less severe premenstrual syndrome symptoms over the 2 months.

Wound healing

According to some research, royal jelly could speed up the process of wound healing.

The results of a laboratory study in the journal Nutrition Research and Practice showed that royal jelly might significantly increase the movement of fibroblasts to a wound. Fibroblasts are a type of cell that coordinates the process of wound healing.

Type 2 diabetes

There is some evidence that royal jelly may have benefits for people with type 2 diabetes.

In one study, 50 female participants with type 2 diabetes received either a 1-gram dose of royal jelly gel or a placebo once a day for 8 weeks.

The results indicated that taking royal jelly may lead to a reduction in the level of blood glucose. Lower glucose levels in the blood are beneficial for people with type 2 diabetes.

However, the researchers note that more studies with a larger number of participants are necessary.

Quantitation and Seasonal Variation of Key Odorants in Propolis

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J Agric Food Chem. 2019 Jan 10

Application of a comparative aroma extract dilution analysis (cAEDA) to the volatiles isolated from propolis of three consecutive seasons by solvent extraction and solvent-assisted flavor evaporation (SAFE) afforded 48 odorants with flavor dilution (FD) factors ≥ 4, including 21 compounds that have not been previously reported in propolis.

Despite differences in FD factors of some compounds, the overall temporal variation in the odorants was low. Compounds identified with FD ≥ 64 were quantitated by stable isotope dilution assays (SIDAs) and odor activity values (OAVs) were calculated.

Twenty-two compounds showed OAVs ≥ 1, including (E)-isoeugenol (clove; OAV 3700), linalool (floral; OAV 380), butanoic acid (sweaty, rancid; OAV 370), 3-phenylpropanoic acid (floral; OAV 270), 3-methylbutanoic acid (sweaty, rancid; OAV 210), eugenol (clove; OAV 190), and β-ionone (floral; OAV 170).

An odor reconstitution model prepared from deodorized beeswax and the 22 odorants in their natural concentrations closely matched the olfactory profile of authentic propolis.

Beeswax By-Products Show Antioxidant Effects

Beeswax by-Products Efficiently Counteract the Oxidative Damage Induced by an Oxidant Agent in Human Dermal Fibroblasts

Int J Mol Sci. 2018 Sep 19;19(9)

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The antioxidant capacity and the phytochemical composition of two by-products from beeswax recycling processes were recently investigated.

The aim of the present work was to evaluate the efficacy of one of these by-products, MUD1, against the oxidative stress induced by 2,2'-azobis(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (AAPH) in human dermal fibroblast (HDF) cells.

After a preliminary viability assay, the protective effect of MUD1 was investigated through the measurement of apoptosis level, the reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitrite (NO₂-) production, the level of protein and lipid biomarkers (carbonyl groups, total glutathione and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance) of oxidative damage, and the measurement of antioxidant enzymes activities (glutatione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, glutathione transferase, superoxide dismutase and catalase).

The obtained results showed that MUD1 exerted protective effects on HDF, increasing cell viability and counteracted the oxidative stress promoted by AAPH-treatment, and improved mitochondria functionality and wound healing capacities.

This work shows the antioxidant effects exerted by beeswax by-products, demonstrating for the first time their potential against oxidative stress in human dermal fibroblast cells; however, further research will be necessary to evaluate their potentiality for human health by more deeply in vitro and in vivo studies.

Honey Effective Against Infections, Dental Plaque and Cavities, Gingivitis and Halitosis (Bad Breath)

Honey in oral health and care: a mini review

Journal of Oral Biosciences
Available online 3 January 2019

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Background

Honey is a natural product made from the nectar of flowers by honey bees and has over 200 compounds in it, including sugars, water, organic acids, minerals and polyphenols - the exact structure and composition of honey often determined by which plant source(s) the honey bee took the nectar from. Honey has been used in diets and medicines for thousands of years; however, this review, for the first time, aims to look at its place in modern medicine concerning oral health.

Highlight

The present review for the first time attempted to address the protective effect of honey in the oral care.

Conclusion

For the first time this review addresses the usefulness of honey against Streptococcus mutans infections, dental plaque and caries, gingivitis and halitosis. Honey was also useful in preventing side effects associated with treatment of cancers of the head and neck, namely, radiation induced mucositis, xerostomia and poor wound healing. This is well supported by evidence in literature and was examined in this review.

Propolis Exerts Protective Effect Against Ovarian Reperfusion Injury

The protective effect of propolis on rat ovary against ischemia-reperfusion injury: Immunohistochemical, biochemical and histopathological evaluations

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy
Volume 111, March 2019

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Highlights

• Ischemia/reperfusion caused increases in cytokines and oxidative-DNA damage in ovary.
• Propolis reversed the biochemical and immunohistochemical parameters in ovarian.
• Propolis restored histopathological changes and reduction of antioxidant enzymes.
• Propolis decreased germ cell apoptosis, DNA and tissue injury, infalammation.

In conclusion, the above findings demonstrate that propolis exerted a protective effect against ovarian I/RI in rats, through the inhibition of oxidative stress, the suppression of inflammatory processes, downregulation of 8-OHdG formations and the inhibition of ovarian cell apoptosis.

Royal Jelly Prevents Fatigue, Anorexia in Renal Cell Cancer Patients

Oral Intake of Royal Jelly Has Protective Effects Against Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor-Induced Toxicity in Patients with Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Randomized, Double-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled Trial.

Medicines (Basel). 2018 Dec 20;6(1)

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Background: Although tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are still recommended as the standard therapy in renal cell carcinoma (RCC), the high frequency of adverse events is a weakness of this therapy. Because royal jelly (RJ) possesses anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, we assessed its protective effects on TKI-induced toxicities in RCC patients.

Methods: We enrolled 33 patients with advanced RCC who were assigned to start TKI therapy in combination with a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled RJ trial consisting of a placebo group with 17 subjects and an RJ group with 16 subjects.

Results: Fatigue and anorexia frequencies in the RJ group were significantly lower than in the placebo group (p = 0.003 and 0.015, respectively). A statistically significant correlation between RJ and fatigue or anorexia was detected in sunitinib-treated patients. The dose reduction- or discontinuation-free periods were significantly longer (p = 0.013) in the RJ group than in the placebo group. Furthermore, similar observations were made in sunitinib-treated patients (p = 0.016).

Conclusions: Our clinical trial showed that RJ exerted protective effects against TKI-induced fatigue and anorexia and lowered TKI dose reduction or discontinuation. Hence, RJ is beneficial for maintaining the quality of life and medication compliance in TKI-treated RCC patients.

Propolis Better Than Erythromycin Cream at Treating Acne, Scars

Treatment of acne with a combination of propolis, tea tree oil, and Aloe vera compared to erythromycin cream: two double-blind investigations

Clin Pharmacol. 2018 Dec 13;10:175-181

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Introduction:

Antibiotics that suppress Propionibacterium acnes are the standard treatment for acne but are becoming less effective, due to the appearance of antibiotic-resistant strains. Many plants are known to have innate antimicrobial action and can be used as alternatives to antibiotics; thus, it is necessary to prove their effectiveness in vivo. This study aimed to evaluate the anti-acne efficacy of a new cream based on three natural extracts, comparing it to erythromycin cream and placebo.

Patients and methods:

Sixty patients with mild to moderate acne vulgaris were randomly divided into three groups: treated with cream containing 20% propolis, 3% "tea tree oil", and 10% "Aloe vera" (PTAC) (n = 20); or with 3 % erythromycin cream (ERC) (n = 20); or with placebo (n = 20). At baseline, after 15 and 30 days, investigators evaluated response to treatment by counting acne lesions through noninvasive measurements and macrophotography.

Results:

All the clinical and instrumental values studied were statistically different from placebo except for sebometry, pHmetry, and erythema index values, measured on healthy skin. Unlike in the placebo group, papular and scar lesions showed high erythema reduction after 15 and 30 days of PTAC and ERC application.

Conclusion:

The PTAC formulation was better than ERC in reducing erythema scars, acne severity index, and total lesion count.

Propolis Effective in Dental and Oral Health (Surgical Wound Healing, Cavity Prevention, Hypersensitivity, Ulcers Avulsed Teeth, Root Canal, Mouthwash)

Applications of Propolis in Dentistry: A Review

Ethiop J Health Sci. 2018 Jul;28(4):505-512

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Background:

Propolis is a resinous substance obtained from the beehives that has antioxidant, anti-bacteria, anti-virus, anti-fungal, anti-tumor and anti-inflammatory activity. The aim of this study was to review the studies about the role of propolis in improving dental and oral health.

Methods:

This study reviewed the published articles regarding the applications of propolis in dentistry. An electronic search of the literature was carried out in Farsi electronic databases including Google, Medlib.ir, SID, Iranmedex and Magiran as well as English electronic databases such as PubMed and ISI Web of Knowledge. These databases were searched for articles published between 1997 and October 20, 2017. Non-dental books and journals were also manually searched.

Results:

This study reviewed published articles on the efficacy of propolis for surgical wound healing, caries prevention, treatment of dentin hypersensitivity, treatment of aphthous ulcers and propolis as a storage medium for avulsed teeth, root canal irrigating solution and mouthwash.

Conclusion:

The result of the reviewed article showed that propolis is effective an agent that is used for multiple purpose in oral health.

Propolis, an Antibacterial of Choice

Honey, propolis and royal jelly: the benefits of the hive

By Thomas Channeton - January 2, 2019

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Honey, wax, pollen, propolis, and venom, the bee alone is responsible for a real pharmacy. The use of the products of the hive to relieve some of the pain is not new. “Apitherapy is a medical very serious and can truly help cure some diseases of everyday life “, explains Dr. Albert Becker, a doctor, a beekeeper and president of the francophone Association of apitherapy (AFA).

And each product of the hive’s interest. In 400 bc J.-C., Hippocrates, boasted already the advantages of the wax to relieve the skin diseases. Secreted in the form of scales by the young workers, it is used in the coatings of medications. In dermatology, it imposes itself as an essential component, because of its protective properties, cosmetic and herbal. The wax integrates in creams, soaps, lotions, coatings for pills, ear plugs noise, molds, dental, bone surgery, suture, etc

Propolis, an antibacterial of choice

Another flagship product of the hive : propolis. The tree resin is collected by bees from the buds of trees ; in Europe, mostly poplar and birch. Transformed into propolis in the hive, it is used in traditional medicine in the prevention of wound infections. “Today, alcoholic extracts modern from propolis of european content guarantee in polyphenols are used for their antioxidant properties high. Its activities antibacterial and antiviral helping to effectively fight germs that infect the teeth, the cavities ENT. Used orally, it is effective in many infections of the gastro-intestinal and uro-genital, in the preventive and curative treatment of the side effects of chemotherapy, ” explains Dr. Becker.

Before adding that its antifungal action is also recognised and used in gynaecological infections. “The propolis also has a major interest in the fight against certain viruses such as influenza, HIV, herpes, HPV virus responsible for cancers. It is also effective as an anti-inflammatory and acts favorably on the immune system, but can also be allergenic “...

Chinese Doctor Uses Bee Stings to Treat Pain

TCM doctor raises honey bees, claims painful bee-sting treatments really work

Global Times Published: 2019/1/3

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A traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) doctor in South China treating patients with bee stings has gained popularity through a viral video.

The method is known as apitherapy, which uses honey bee products like bee venom to treat many illnesses and alleviate pain. Apitherapy is a branch in TCM with a long history.

The TCM doctor She Ruitao uses tweezers to hold honeybees on a patient's skin, forcing it to sting the patient, according to a Yishou Video.

"It hurts," one patient shrieks. "It reduces swelling and alleviates pain," another patient said...

Chilean Propolis Exhibits Antimicrobial Activity, Decreases Biofilm Proliferation

Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Activity against Streptococcus mutans of Individual and Mixtures of the Main Polyphenolic Compounds Found in Chilean Propolis

BioMed Research International
Volume 2019, Article ID 7602343, 7 pages

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Dental caries is multifactorial disease and an important health problem worldwide. Streptococcus mutans is considered as a major cariogenic agent in oral cavity. This bacteria can synthetize soluble and insoluble glucans from sucrose by glucosyltransferases enzymes and generate stable biofilm on the tooth surface.

Biological properties of Chilean propolis have been described and it includes antimicrobial, antifungal, and antibiofilm activities. The main goal of this study was to quantify the concentrations of main flavonoids presents in Chilean propolis and compare some biological properties such as antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity of individual compounds and the mixture of this compounds, against S. mutans cultures. Chilean propolis was studied and some polyphenols present in this extract were quantified by HPLC-DAD using commercial standards of apigenin, quercetin, pinocembrin, and caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE).

MIC for antimicrobial activity was determined by serial dilution method and biofilm thickness on S. mutans was quantified by confocal microscopy. Pinocembrin, apigenin, quercetin, and caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) are the most abundant compounds in Chilean propolis. These polyphenols have strong antimicrobial and antibiofilm potential at low concentrations. However, pinocembrin and apigenin have a greater contribution to this action.

The effect of polyphenols on S. mutans is produced by a combination of mechanisms to decrease bacterial growth and affect biofilm proliferation due to changes in their architecture.

Bee Pollen Boosts Wound Healing, Enhances Growth and Immunity, Reduces Blood Sugar, Lipids

Beneficial impacts of bee pollen in animal production, reproduction and health

J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl). 2018 Dec 28

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Bee pollen (BP) is one of the most useful therapeutic products favoured by natural medicine scientists because of its possible nutritional and medical applications. It exhibits many impacts such as antimicrobial, immunostimulating, antioxidants and hepatoprotective.

Furthermore, BP has some useful therapeutic features in numerous pathological situations such as its impact to normalize wound healing. Based on previous literatures, the level of BP supplement in livestock and poultry ranged from 0.1 to 20 g/kg diet. This variation depends on the species, physiological status, age and purpose of addition; so far generally, it accepted to use the level with no side effects.

It has been observed that BP enhanced growth performance, immunity responses and blood variables and had hypoglycaemic activity by reducing the lipid in the blood and carcass. Also, BP contains more nutrients, which stimulate faster differentiation and proliferation of the cells of immune system of birds.

Therefore, the present review recommends that BP supplementation (up to 20 g/kg diet) had possible beneficial impacts, antioxidants and protective activities on most of the production, productive and health patterns of livestock.