N Biotechnol, 2011 Jan 10
This study was performed to evaluate the effects of Korean propolis against foodborne pathogens and spores of Bacillus cereus and to investigate the antimicrobial activity against B. cereus structure by TEM.
The antimicrobial effects of the Korean propolis was tested against foodborne pathogens including Gram-positive (Bacillus cereus, Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram-negative (Salmonella typhimurium, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas fluorescence) bacteria by agar diffusion assay.
Gram-positive bacteria were more sensitive than were Gram-negative bacteria. The vegetative cells of B. cereus were the most sensitive among the pathogens tested with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 0.036mg/μl of propolis on agar medium. Based on MIC, sensitivity of vegetative cells of B. cereus and its spores were tested in a nutrient broth with different concentrations of propolis at 37°C. In liquid broth, treatment with 1.8mg/ml propolis showed bactericidal effect against B. cereus. Bacillus cereus vegetative cells exposed to 7.2mg/ml of propolis lost their viability within 20min.
Against spores of B. cereus, propolis inhibited germination of spores up to 30hours, compared to control at higher concentration than vegetative cells yet acted sporostatically. The bactericidal and sporostatic action of propolis were dependent on the concentration of propolis used and treatment time. Electron microscopic investigation of propolis treated B. cereus revealed substantial structural damage at the cellular level and irreversible cell membrane rupture at a number of locations with the apparent leakage of intracellular contents.
The antimicrobial effect of propolis in this study suggests potential use of propolis in foods.
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