Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester Inhibits Epithelial-Mesenchymal
Transition of Human Pancreatic Cancer Cells
Evid Based Complement Alternat Med, 2013;2013:270906, Epub 2013
Apr 4
Background. This study aimed to investigate the effect of
propolis component caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) on
epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of human pancreatic cancer cells and
the molecular mechanisms underlying these effects.
Methods. The transforming growth factor β (TGF-β-) induced
EMT in human pancreatic PANC-1 cancer cells was characterized by observation of
morphology and the expression of E-cadherin and vimentin by western blotting.
The migration potential was estimated with wound closure assay. The expression
of transcriptional factors was measured by quantitative RT-PCR and
immunocytochemistry staining. The orthotopic pancreatic cancer xenograft model
was used for in vivo assessment.
Results. The overexpression of vimentin was attenuated by
CAPE, and the alteration in morphology from polygonal to spindle shape was
partially reversed by CAPE. Furthermore, CAPE delayed the TGF-β-stimulated
migration potential. CAPE treatment did not reduce the expression levels of
Smad 2/3, Snail 1, and Zeb 1 but inhibited the expression of transcriptional
factor Twist 2. By using an orthotopic pancreatic cancer model, CAPE suppressed
the expression of Twist 2 and growth of PANC-1 xenografts without significant
toxicity.
Conclusion. CAPE could inhibit the orthotopic growth and EMT
of pancreatic cancer PANC-1 cells accompanied by downregulation of vimentin and
Twist 2 expression.
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