Alterations of GSH and MDA Levels and Their Association with
Bee Venom-Induced DNA Damage in Human Peripheral Blood Leukocytes
Environ Mol Mutagen, 2012 Jun 25
Bee venom (BV) has toxic effects in a variety of cell
systems and oxidative stress has been proposed as a possible mechanism of its
toxicity.
This study investigated the in vitro effect of BV on
glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, and their association with
BV-induced DNA strand breaks and oxidative DNA damage in human peripheral blood
leukocytes (HPBLs).
Blood samples were treated with BV at concentrations ranging
from 0.1 to 10 μg/ml over different lengths of time, and DNA damage in HPBLs
was monitored with the alkaline and formamidopyrimidine glycoslyase
(FPG)-modified comet assays, while GSH and MDA levels were determined in whole
blood. Results showed a significant increase in overall DNA damage and FPG-sensitive
sites in DNA of HPBLs exposed to BV compared with HPBLs from controls. An
increase in DNA damage (assessed with both comet assays) was significantly
associated with changes in MDA and GSH levels.
When pretreated with N-acetyl-L-cysteine, a source of cysteine
for the synthesis of the endogenous antioxidant GSH, a significant reduction of
the DNA damaging effects of BV in HPBLs was noted. This suggests that oxidative
stress is at least partly responsible for the DNA damaging effects of BV.
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