The protective effects of melittin on Propionibacterium
acnes-induced inflammatory responses in vitro and in vivo
J Invest Dermatol, 2014 Feb 4
Melittin is the main component in the venom of the honey bee
(Apis mellifera). It has multiple effects including anti-bacterial, anti-viral,
and anti-inflammatory activities, in various cell types. However, the
anti-inflammatory mechanisms of melittin have not been elucidated in
Propionibactierium acnes (P. acnes) induced keratinocyte or inflammatory skin
disease animal models.
In this study, we examined the effects of melittin on the
production of inflammatory cytokines in heat-killed P. acnes-induced HaCaT
cells. Heat-killed P. acnes treated keratinocytes increased the expression of
pro-inflammatory cytokines and toll like receptor 2. However, melittin
treatment significantly suppressed the expression of these cytokines through
regulation of the NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways. Subsequently, we examined
the living P. acnes (1 × 107 CFU) were intradermally injected into the ear of mice.
Living P. acnes injected ears showed cutaneous erythema, swelling, and
granulomatous response at 24 h after injection. However, melittin-treated ears
showed markedly reduced swelling and granulomatous responses compared with ears
injected with only living P. acnes.
These results demonstrate the feasibility of applying
melittin for the prevention of inflammatory skin diseases induced by P. acnes.
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