Comparative Chemistry of Propolis from Eight Brazilian
Localities
Evid Based Complement Alternat Med, 2013;2013:267878
Propolis is a complex honeybee product with resinous aspect,
containing plant exudates and beeswax. Their color, texture, and chemical
composition vary, depending on the location of the hives and local flora. The
most studied Brazilian propolis is the green (alecrim-do-campo) type, which
contains mainly prenylated phenylpropanoids and caffeoylquinic acids. Other
types of propolis are produced in Brazil, some with red color, others brown,
grey, or black.
The aim of the present work was to determine the chemical
profiles of alcohol and chloroform extracts of eight samples of propolis,
corresponding to six Brazilian regions. Methanol and chloroform extracts were
obtained and analyzed by HPLC/DAD/ESI/MS and GC/MS. Two chemical profiles were
recognized among the samples analyzed: (1) black Brazilian propolis,
characterized chiefly by flavanones and glycosyl flavones, stemming from Picos
(Piauí state) and Pirenópolis (Goiás state); (2) green Brazilian propolis,
characterized by prenylated phenylpropanoids and caffeoylquinic acids, stemming
from Cabo Verde (Bahia state), Lavras and Mira Bela (Minas Gerais state),
Pariquera-Açu and Bauru (São Paulo state), and Ponta Grossa (Paraná state).
The
present work represents the first report of prenylated flavonoids in Brazilian
propolis and schaftoside (apigenin-8-C-glucosyl-6-C-arabinose) in green
propolis.
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