Potentiation of a novel palladium (II) complex lethality
with bee venom on the human T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia cell line
(MOLT-4)
J Venom Anim Toxins Incl Trop Dis, 2013 Oct 3;19(1):25
BACKGROUND:
Although honeybee venom (BV) has been reported to induce
apoptosis in different types of cancerous cells, its synergistic effects with
customary anti-cancer drugs remain largely unknown. In the present study, we
evaluated the cytotoxic effect of BV alone (as a natural product) and the
synergistic cytological effects of this component in combination with [Pd (bpy)
(Pi-Pydtc)]NO3 -- a novel palladium complex on human T-cell lymphoblastic
leukemia cells. To investigate the cytotoxic effect of the BV alone and in
combination with palladium complex on MOLT-4 cells MTT assay was performed. In
order to determine the apoptotic effects of BV separately and in combination
with Pd (II) complex on these cells and its ability to induce apoptosis,
morphological examination, flowcytometric analysis and caspase-3 colorimetric
assay were done.
RESULTS:
We found that BV induced morphological changes, namely
nuclear shrinkage, and inhibited MOLT-4 cell proliferation; both effects were
dose- and time-dependent. Flow cytometry by Annexin-V antibody demonstrated
that BV induced apoptosis in MOLT-4 cells. Furthermore, BV induced apoptosis
independently of caspase-3 in these cells. In addition, we proved a clear synergistic
effect of BV on [Pd (bpy) (Pi-Pydtc)]NO3. The apoptotic pathway activated by BV
in combination with Pd complex was caspase-3-dependent.
CONCLUSIONS:
These observations provide an explanation for the
anti-proliferative properties of BV, and suggest that this agent may be useful
for treating lymphoblastic leukemia alone or in combination with chemotherapy
drugs pending further investigations on animal models as preclinical tests
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